Ionic gel (IG) electrolytes are emerging as promising components for the development of next-generation supercapacitors (SCs), offering benefits in terms of safety, cost-effectiveness, and flexibility. The ionic conductivity, stability, and mechanical properties of the gel electrolyte are relevant factors to be considered and the key to improving the performance of the SC. However, the structure–activity relationship between the internal structure of IGs and their SC properties is not fully understood. In the current study, the intuitive and regular structure–activity relationship between the structure and properties of IGs was revealed via combining computational simulation and experiment. In terms of conductivity, the ionic liquid (IL) ([EMIM][TFSI]) in the IG has a high self-diffusion coefficient calculated by molecular dynamics simulation (MDS), which is conductive to transfer and then improves the conductivity. The radial distribution function of the MDS shows that the larger the g(r) between the particles in the polymer network, the stronger the interaction. For stability, IGs based on [EMIM][TFSI] and [EOMIM][TFSI] ILs have higher density functional theory calculated binding energy, which is reflected in the excellent thermal stability and excellent capacitor cycle stability. Based on the internal pore size distribution and stress-strain characterization of the gel network ([ME3MePy][TFSI] and [BMIM][TFSI] as additives), the highly crosslinked aggregate network significantly reduces the internal mesoporous distribution and plays a leading role in improving the mechanical properties of the network. By using this strategy, it will be possible to design the ideal structure of the IG and achieve excellent performance.

The key to solve increasingly severe electromagnetic (EM) pollution is to explore sustainable, easily prepared, and cost-effective EM wave absorption materials with exceptional absorption capability. Herein, instead of anchoring on carbon materials in single layer, MoS₂ flower-like microspheres were stacked on the surface of pomelo peels-derived porous carbon nanosheets (C) to fabricate MoS₂@C nanocomposites by a facile solvothermal process. EM wave absorption performances of MoS₂@C nanocomposites in X-band were systematically investigated, indicating the minimum reflection loss (RL_min) of −62.3 dB (thickness of 2.88 mm) and effective absorption bandwidth (EAB) almost covering the whole X-band (thickness of 2.63 mm) with the filler loading of only 20 wt.%. Superior EM wave absorption performances of MoS₂@C nanocomposites could be attributed to the excellent impedance matching characteristic and dielectric loss capacity (conduction loss and polarization loss). This study revealed that the as-prepared MoS₂@C nanocomposites would be a novel prospective candidate for the sustainable EM absorbents with superior EM wave absorption performances.