Covalent triazine frameworks (CTFs) are a class of unique two-dimensional nitrogen-rich triazine framework with adjustable chemical and electronic structures, rich porosity, good stability and excellent semiconductivity, which enable great various applications in efficient gas/molecular adsorption and separation, energy storage and conversion, especially photo- and electro-catalysis. Different synthesis strategies strongly affect the morphology of CTFs and play an important role in their structure and properties. In this concept, we provide a comprehensive and systematic review of the synthesis methods such as ionothermal synthesis, phosphorus pentoxide catalytic method, polycondensation and ultra-strong acid catalyzed method, and applications of CTFs in photo- and electro-catalysis. Finally we offer some insights into the future development progress of CTFs materials for catalytic applications.