Transition metal sulfides (TMSs) are widely recognized for their potential as anode materials in the development of flexible lithium-ion capacitors (FLICs) owing to their high theoretical capacity. However, their practical application has been significantly limited by rapid capacity decay and sluggish kinetics associated with TMS volume variation. In response to these challenges, we have prepared ZnS/CuS nanoparticles embedded in continuous and multichannel carbon fibers (CFs). This was achieved through a process involving blow-spinning and subsequent sulfidation. Notably, the electrochemical performance of these materials was largely improved, owing to the synergistic effect of bimetallic sulfides. The ZnS/CuS-CF anode material demonstrated a high specific capacity of over 900 mAh g⁻¹ at a current density of 0.2 A g⁻¹. Furthermore, it exhibited superior rate capacity (300 mAh g⁻¹ at 20 A g⁻¹) and excellent cyclic stability, maintaining its performance over 1000 cycles at 10 A g⁻¹. We also prepared lithium-ion capacitors (LICs) using the same method. These LICs exhibited a maximum energy density of 136 Wh kg⁻¹, a high power density of 43.5 kW kg⁻¹, and an impressive cyclic stability over 4000 cycles. In addition, the FLICs, when configured in the form of a pouch cell, demonstrated significant potential for the development of smart, flexible electronic devices.

Two-dimensional transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDCs) have been regarded as an intriguing platform for exploring novel physical phenomena and optoelectronic devices due to their excitonic emission characteristics derived from the atomic thin thickness and reduced dielectric screening effect. Notably, monolayer TMDCs with a direct bandgap exhibiting strong photoluminescence (PL) are promising candidates for the light-emitting devices, while the interlayer excitons in heterostructures hold great potential for the photonic chips and optical communication applications. However, the non-ideal photoluminescent intensity and quality due to the ultrathin thickness and high defect density of experimentally obtained monolayer TMDCs limit the further development for the light-emission applications. Here, we summarize the research progress on the PL manipulation of the excitonic emission in TMDCs, where the PL intensity enhancement and emission wavelength regulation are included. The concept and characteristics of excitons are overviewed firstly, followed by the discussion on the evaluation and characterization of excitonic emission. The state-of-the-art progress on the manipulation of the neutral excitons and interlayer excitons PL are then summarized. Finally, the challenges and prospects are proposed.