In the long history of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), meridians play essential roles as the critical network to regulate the normal physiological functions of the human body. They are regarded to be the channels connecting the internal organs with the body surface and various parts of the body. Although there are many studies and doctrines trying to reveal the nature of meridians for their validation in TCM, the mechanism underlying the meridians remains unclear. Herein, based on our macroscopic quantum state concept of ion channels (i.e., sub-nanometer scale channels), we propose a quantum principle of meridians. The acupoints and organ symptom are in a macroscopic coherence state of the ion channels in meridians. By applying TCM treatments (e.g., TCM massage, acupuncture, moxibustion, and electroacupuncture) on the acupoint, the corresponding organ symptom could be well regulated with help of quantum meridian state.

A large amount of progress has achieved in neuroscience, however, there is still a lack of reasonable model for the storage/output (S/O) of life information. The cyclical motion of cardio- and pulmonary-myocyte is a typical process of the life information S/O, while the opening and closing sites of Ca²⁺ ion channels during the motion can form a genetically programmed time-dependent three-dimensional (3D) pattern. Those phenomena indicate a strong correlation of the information S/O model of these myocytes with the time-sequence 3D patterns. Therefore, based on the time-dependent Ca²⁺ fluorescence imaging during the motion of cardio- and pulmonary-myocyte, here we suggest a four-dimensional (4D) code of information S/O model in cell and nervous system. Further from the fact of pulmonary myocyte motion able to be controlled by brain, it is deduced that the 4D code in brain has a role of controlling muscles through a pathway of the central nervous system, peripheral nervous system, neuromuscular junction, and muscle cells. In addition, we also suggested the 4D code of non-innate skill that can be programmed by the learning/training of a long time (~ 3 years), such as walking, writing, painting, sports, speech, singing, and dancing. Noticeably, this 4D S/O model is reasonable for the ultralow energy consumption of life information transmission.

Life systems show an ultralow energy consumption in their high-efficiency bio-activities, implying a high-flux transport of ions and molecules with an ultralow resistivity. A collective motion (CM) of these particles is necessary for this kind of behaviors, different from the traditional Newtonian diffusion. The CM is an ordered particle state, resulting from the balance between attraction and repulsion of the particles, in which the attraction is a necessary condition. The ultralow resistivity of electronic or atomic fluid at low temperature is already described phenomenologically by introducing the interparticle attraction. Here, we try to establish a phenomenological expression for the quantum state of ion or molecule CM at ambient temperature, by also considering the attraction of particles. These studies suggest that the Bose-Einstein condensate potentially exists widely.

Biochemical reactions in vivo occur at the temperature usually lower than that in vitro, however the underlying mechanism still remains a challenge. Inspired by our recent studies of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) releasing photons to resonantly drive DNA replication in a quantum way, we propose a quantized chemical reaction driven by multiple mid-infrared (MIR) photons. The space confinement effect of enzymes on a reactant molecule increases the lifetime of excitation state of its bond vibration, providing a chance for the bond to resonantly absorb multiple photons. Although the energy of each MIR photon is significantly lower than that of chemical bond, the resonant absorption of multiple photons can break the appointed bond of confined molecules. Different from the traditional thermochemistry and photochemistry, the quantized chemical reactions could have a high energy efficiency and ultrahigh selectivity. In addition, we also suggest a quantum driving source for our quantum-confined superfluid reactions proposed previously. The quantized chemical reaction resonantly driven by multiple MIR photons holds great promise to develop novel approaches for the chemical engineering in future.

Biologically, there exist two kinds of syntheses: photosynthesis and ATP-driven biosynthesis. The light harvesting of photosynthesis is known to achieve an efficiency of ~ 95% by the quantum energy transfer of photons. However, how the ATP-driven biosynthesis reaches its high efficiency still remains unknown. Deoxynucleotide triphosphates (dNTPs) in polymerase chain reaction (PCR) adopt the identical way of ATP to release their energy, and thus can be employed to explore the ATP energy process. Here, using a gold nanoparticle (AuNP) enhanced PCR (AuNP-PCR), we demonstrate that the energy released by phosphoanhydride-bond (PB) hydrolysis of dNTPs is in form of photons (PB-photons) to drive DNA replication, by modulating their resonance with the average inter-AuNP distance (D). The experimental results show that both the efficiency and yield of PCR periodically oscillate with D increasing, indicating a quantized process, but not simply a thermal one. The PB-photon wavelength is further determined to 8.4 μm. All these results support that the release, transfer and utilization of bioenergy are in the form of photons. Our findings of ATP-energy quantum conversion will open a new avenue to the studies of high-efficiency bioenergy utilization, biochemistry, biological quantum physics, and even brain sciences.

Polaritons are arousing tremendous interests in physics and material sciences for their unique and amazing properties, especially including the condensation, lasing without inversion and even room-temperature superfluidity. Herein, we propose a cell vibron polariton (cell-VP): a collectively coherent mode of a photon and all phospholipid molecules in a myelin sheath formed by glial cells. Cell-VP can be resonantly self-confined in the myelin sheath under physiological conditions. The observations benefit from the specifically compact, ordered and polar thin-film structure of the sheath, and the relatively strong coupling of the mid-infrared photon with the vibrons of phospholipid tails in the myelin. The underlying physics is revealed to be the collectively coherent superposition of the photon and vibrons, the polariton induced significant enhancement of myelin permittivity, and the resonance of the polariton with the sheath. The captured cell-VPs in myelin sheaths may provide a promising way for super-efficient consumption of extra-weak bioenergy and even directly serve for quantum information. These findings further the understanding of nervous system operations at cellular level from the view of quantum mechanics.